Lei Ren

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Organization: Xiamen University

Department: Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials

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Chemicals
References

Silk/agarose scaffolds with tunable properties via SDS assisted rapid gelation

Co-reporter:Yue Lu;Shupeng Zhang;Xiangyang Liu;Shefang Ye;Xi Zhou;Qiaoling Huang

RSC Advances (2011-Present) 2017 vol. 7(Issue 35) pp:21740-21748

Publication Date(Web):2017/04/18

DOI:10.1039/C7RA01981E

Scaffolds with appropriate properties and a suitable shape based on the nature of the target tissue are essential in tissue engineering. In the present study, we developed a simple method to fabricate lyophilized silk/agarose scaffolds with tunable features (mechanical properties and pore structure) via controlling the gelation degree of silk fibroin and freeze-drying the gels with different gelation degrees. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was utilized to control the gelling process of silk. Agarose helped retain the shape of the scaffolds after hydration and sterilization. Moreover, the scaffolds could be easily realized with the desired shape for specific applications by shaping the corresponding gels. The compressive modulus of the scaffolds was tunable within a range of 18.6–58.8 kPa, and inner pore sizes could be tuned from 52.3 ± 10.4 to 426.5 ± 138.5 μm. In vitro MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation indicated good biocompatibility of the silk/agarose scaffolds. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and mineralization analysis indicated that scaffolds with higher mechanical properties were more beneficial for osteogenic differentiation and mineralization. Thus, silk/agarose scaffolds are promising candidates for tissue engineering.

Deep Photoacoustic/Luminescence/Magnetic Resonance Multimodal Imaging in Living Subjects Using High-Efficiency Upconversion Nanocomposites

Co-reporter:Yu Liu;Ning Kang;Jing Lv;Zijian Zhou;Qingliang Zhao;Lingceng Ma;Zhong Chen;Liming Nie

Advanced Materials 2016 Volume 28( Issue 30) pp:6411-6419

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1002/adma.201506460

Phase and Size Control of CoreShell Upconversion Nanocrystals Light up Deep Dual Luminescence Imaging and CT In Vivo

Co-reporter:Ning Kang;Yu Liu;Yaming Zhou;Dong Wang;Chuan Chen;Shefang Ye;Liming Nie

Advanced Healthcare Materials 2016 Volume 5( Issue 11) pp:1356-1363

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1002/adhm.201600159

Upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) have recently been explored as optical imaging nanoprobes. However, conventional β-NaLuF₄ ^- based UCNCs often suffer from large particle size and weak upconversion luminescence (UCL) intensity, leading to poor biocompatibility and low detection sensitivity. Here, a novel strategy for controlling the crystalline phase and size of UCNCs has been developed by doping of yttrium ions, resulting in particle size reduction and phase transition. The total UCL intensity of prepared core–shell UCNCs is significantly enhanced up to ≈4.9 and ≈17.4 times after Tm³⁺and Er³⁺ doping than that of core UCNCs, offering deeper tissue UCL imaging with a depth of 8 mm in vivo. Moreover, the CT signal of core–shell UCNCs is ≈1.5 and ≈3.5 times brighter than that of core UCNCs and commercial ioversol agent because of increasing contents of Lu³⁺ doped in UCNCs. The synthesized core–shell UCNCs hold a great promise in deep UCL and CT dual-modality imaging in vitro and in vivo.

A fluorescent nanoprobe based on metal-enhanced fluorescence combined with Förster resonance energy transfer for the trace detection of nitrite ions

Co-reporter:Yong-liang Liu, Ning Kang, Xue-bin Ke, Dong Wang, Lei Ren and Hong-jun Wang

RSC Advances 2016 vol. 6(Issue 33) pp:27395-27403

Publication Date(Web):10 Mar 2016

DOI:10.1039/C5RA27622E

Fluorescent nanoprobes have been investigated for the detection of nitrite ions. However, the fluorescence intensity and sensitivity of fluorescent nanoprobes are still restricted by their low quantum yield. A novel fluorescent nanoprobe based on metal-enhanced fluorescence combined with Förster resonance energy transfer was developed for the trace detection of NO2− in this work. 24.8-fold fluorescence enhancement of CdTe QDs was achieved with exact control over the size of Au nanospheres and the thickness of the silica shell between the Au NSs and CdTe quantum dots in the Au@SiO2–CdTe nanoparticles, and coating Au@SiO2–CdTe NPs with denatured bovine serum albumin. The detection of NO2− with the obtained Au@SiO2–CdTe@dBSA-neutral red fluorescent nanoprobe was based on the FRET from CdTe QDs to neutral red. The detection limit of NO2− in aqueous solution was found to be as low as 60 nM, much lower than the maximum permitted concentration of 2.2 μM in drinking water. In addition, the Au@SiO2–CdTe@dBSA-NR fluorescent nanoprobe was successfully applied to the detection of NO2− in real samples and cell supernatants with precise and accurate results.

Potential use of SERS-assisted theranostic strategy based on Fe3O4/Au cluster/shell nanocomposites for bio-detection, MRI, and magnetic hyperthermia

Co-reporter:Yu Han, Sheng-lan Lei, Jian-hua Lu, Yuan He, Zhi-wei Chen, Lei Ren, Xi Zhou

Materials Science and Engineering: C 2016 Volume 64() pp:199-207

Publication Date(Web):1 July 2016

DOI:10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.090

•We designed a SERS-assisted theranostic strategy based on the mutifunctional nanocomposites using gold shelled Fe3O4 clusters.•Fe3O4/Au nanoparticles with theranostics and SERS for early diagnosis of PSA were reported for the first time.•The LOD of detection for PSA was lowed as 0.75 ng mL− 1, and the total detection time was shorten to less than 1 h.•Fe3O4 clusters had spin-spin (T2) contrast enhancement and increased magnetic response.•Gold nanoshells supplied excellent chemical stability, biocompatibility, better heating property for magnetic hyperthermia.A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-assisted theranostic strategy was designed based on a synthesized multifunctional Fe3O4/Au cluster/shell nanocomposite. This theranostic strategy was used for free prostate specific antigen (free-PSA) detection, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic hyperthermia. The lowest protein concentration detected was 1 ng mL− 1, and the limit of detection (LOD) of the calculated PSA was 0.75 ng mL− 1. Then, MRI was carried out to visualize the tumor cell. Lastly, magnetic hyperthermia was employed and revealed a favorable killing effect for the tumor cells. Thus, this SERS-assisted strategy based on a Fe3O4/Au cluster/shell nanocomposite showed great advantages in theranostic treatment.Fe3O4/Au cluster/shell composite can be used for specific protein detection, magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic hyperthermia therapy.

Core–shell hybrid upconversion nanoparticles carrying stable nitroxide radicals as potential multifunctional nanoprobes for upconversion luminescence and magnetic resonance dual-modality imaging

Co-reporter:Chuan Chen, Ning Kang, Ting Xu, Dong Wang, Lei Ren and Xiangqun Guo

Nanoscale 2015 vol. 7(Issue 12) pp:5249-5261

Publication Date(Web):10 Feb 2015

DOI:10.1039/C4NR07591A

Nitroxide radicals, such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) and its derivatives, have recently been used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI). However, their rapid one-electron bioreduction to diamagnetic N-hydroxy species when administered intravenously has limited their use in in vivo applications. In this article, a new approach of silica coating for carrying stable radicals was proposed. A 4-carboxyl-TEMPO nitroxide radical was covalently linked with 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane to produce a silanizing TEMPO radical. Utilizing a facile reaction based on the copolymerization of silanizing TEMPO radicals with tetraethyl orthosilicate in reverse microemulsion, a TEMPO radicals doped SiO2 nanostructure was synthesized and coated on the surface of NaYF4:Yb,Er/NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to generate a novel multifunctional nanoprobe, PEGylated UCNP@TEMPO@SiO2 for upconversion luminescence (UCL) and magnetic resonance dual-modality imaging. The electron spin resonance (ESR) signals generated by the TEMPO@SiO2 show an enhanced reduction resistance property for a period of time of up to 1 h, even in the presence of 5 mM ascorbic acid. The longitudinal relaxivity of PEGylated UCNPs@TEMPO@SiO2 nanocomposites is about 10 times stronger than that for free TEMPO radicals. The core–shell NaYF4:Yb,Er/NaYF4 UCNPs synthesized by this modified user-friendly one-pot solvothermal strategy show a significant enhancement of UCL emission of up to 60 times more than the core NaYF4:Yb,Er. Furthermore, the PEGylated UCNP@TEMPO@SiO2 nanocomposites were further used as multifunctional nanoprobes to explore their performance in the UCL imaging of living cells and T1-weighted MRI in vitro and in vivo.

Bioinspired Near-Infrared-Excited Sensing Platform for in Vitro Antioxidant Capacity Assay Based on Upconversion Nanoparticles and a Dopamine–Melanin Hybrid System

Co-reporter:Dong Wang, Chuan Chen, Xuebin Ke, Ning Kang, Yuqing Shen, Yongliang Liu, Xi Zhou, Hongjun Wang, Changqing Chen, and Lei Ren

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2015 Volume 7(Issue 5) pp:3030

Publication Date(Web):January 21, 2015

DOI:10.1021/am5086269

A novel core–shell structure based on upconversion fluorescent nanoparticles (UCNPs) and dopamine–melanin has been developed for evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of biological fluids. In this approach, dopamine–melanin nanoshells facilely formed on the surface of UCNPs act as ultraefficient quenchers for upconversion fluorescence, contributing to a photoinduced electron-transfer mechanism. This spontaneous oxidative polymerization of the dopamine-induced quenching effect could be effectively prevented by the presence of various antioxidants (typically biothiols, ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), and Trolox). The chemical response of the UCNPs@dopamine–melanin hybrid system exhibited great selectivity and sensitivity toward antioxidants relative to other compounds at 100-fold higher concentration. A satisfactory correlation was established between the ratio of the “anti-quenching” fluorescence intensity and the concentration of antioxidants. Besides the response of the upconversion fluorescence signal, a specific evaluation process for antioxidants could be visualized by the color change from colorless to dark gray accompanied by the spontaneous oxidation of dopamine. The near-infrared (NIR)-excited UCNP-based antioxidant capacity assay platform was further used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of cell extracts and human plasma, and satisfactory sensitivity, repeatability, and recovery rate were obtained. This approach features easy preparation, fluorescence/visual dual mode detection, high specificity to antioxidants, and enhanced sensitivity with NIR excitation, showing great potential for screening and quantitative evaluation of antioxidants in biological systems.Keywords: antioxidant capacity assay; biothiols; dopamine; melanin; near-infrared; upconversion nanoparticles

Tat/HA2 Peptides Conjugated AuNR@pNIPAAm as a Photosensitizer Carrier for Near Infrared Triggered Photodynamic Therapy

Co-reporter:Shefang Ye; Ning Kang; Min Chen; Caiding Wang; Tianxiao Wang; Yarun Wang; Yongliang Liu; Donghui Li

Molecular Pharmaceutics 2015 Volume 12(Issue 7) pp:2444-2458

Publication Date(Web):June 1, 2015

DOI:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00161

To achieve an efficiency of intracellular photosensitizers (PSs) delivery and efficacy of photodynamic therapy, we have developed a novel class of PS formulation for encapsulating sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcS4) by taking advantage of the membrane-disruptive peptides Tat/HA2 and the photothermally triggered delivery system using AuNR@pNIPAAm. The coordinated effects of cell penetrating peptide Tat and fusogenic peptide HA2 could enhance the efficient cellular internalization and endo/lysosome escape of PSs delivery systems. Singlet oxygen generation was inhibited due to the reaction between loaded AlPcS4 and Au nanorods, which indicated that the AlPcS4-loaded, AuNR@pNIPAAm delivery system might be nonphototoxic in the circulatory system. However, this PSs-loaded nanosystem became highly phototoxic as it underwent the near-infrared irradiation by using the combined lights of 808 and 680 nm. Upon irradiation, the Tat/HA2 conjugated AuNR@pNIPAAm-Pc elicited an active photodynamic response against the cancer cells, leading to effective cells killing via mitochondria-associated apoptotic pathway. This study also demonstrated improved PDT therapeutic efficacy after intravenous administration of Tat/HA2-AuNR@pNIPAAm-Pc and the subsequent lights irradiations in tumor-bearing mice. We describe here a strategy for enhanced photodynamic eradication of solid tumors by endo/lysosomal escape and highlight the great promise of peptide-based nanocarriers used for cancer therapy.

Rational design of Au nanorods assemblies for highly sensitive and selective SERS detection of prostate specific antigen

Co-reporter:An-qi Yang, Dong Wang, Xiang Wang, Yu Han, Xue-bin Ke, Hong-jun Wang, Xi Zhou and Lei Ren

RSC Advances 2015 vol. 5(Issue 48) pp:38354-38360

Publication Date(Web):20 Apr 2015

DOI:10.1039/C5RA01322D

A versatile approach for highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been developed based on immune recognition assisted fabrication of gold nanorods (AuNRs) assemblies. Compared with the typical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, this SERS immunoassay strategy showed an obviously enhanced sensitivity. The SERS immunoassay for PSA detection has also been successfully applied in diluted human serum samples, showing the promising potential for early diagnosis of diseases in clinical application.

One-step synthesis of monodisperse, water-soluble ultra-small Fe3O4 nanoparticles for potential bio-application

Co-reporter:Li-hua Shen, Jian-feng Bao, Dong Wang, Yi-xiao Wang, Zhi-wei Chen, Lei Ren, Xi Zhou, Xue-bin Ke, Min Chen and An-qi Yang

Nanoscale 2013 vol. 5(Issue 5) pp:2133-2141

Publication Date(Web):04 Jan 2013

DOI:10.1039/C2NR33840H

We report that ultra-small, monodisperse, water-dispersible magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles can be synthesized by a facile one-pot approach using trisodium citrate as crystal grain growth inhibitor and stabilizer in polyol solution. The resultant Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibit an excellent long-term colloidal stability in various buffer solutions without any modification. They are also superparamagnetic at room temperature and their magnetic property relies heavily on their size. Due to the low magnetization and good water-dispersibility, the 1.9 nm-sized Fe3O4 nanoparticles reveal a low r2/r1 ratio of 2.03 (r1 = 1.415 mM−1 s−1, r2 = 2.87 mM−1 s−1), demonstrating that they can be efficient T1 contrast agents. On the other hand, because of the excellent magnetic responsivity, the 13.8 nm-sized Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be readily modified with nitrilotriacetic acid and used to separate the protein simply with the assistance of a magnet. In addition, these Fe3O4 nanoparticles may be useful in other fields, such as hyperthermia treatment of cancer and targeted drug delivery based on their size-dependent magnetic property and excellent stability.

Blood–brain barrier transport of Tat peptide and polyethylene glycol decorated gelatin–siloxane nanoparticle

Co-reporter:Xin-hua Tian, Feng Wei, Tian-xiao Wang, Dong Wang, Jun Wang, Xiao-ning Lin, Peng Wang, Lei Ren

Materials Letters 2012 Volume 68() pp:94-96

Publication Date(Web):1 February 2012

DOI:10.1016/j.matlet.2011.10.042

Contemporary treatment of brain diseases has been hampered by limited drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Herein, gelatin–siloxane nanoparticles (GSNPs) with controlled size and surface charge were synthesized through a two-step sol–gel process. In order to increase the efficiency of brain targeting, HIV-derived Tat peptide and PEG were further grafted onto GS NPs (Tat–PEG–GS NPs). In vivo imaging and TEM results indicated Tat–PEG–GS NPs could not only escape the capture by reticulo-endothelial system but also cross BBB and reach central nervous system of mice. Hence, Tat–PEG–GS NPs might represent a new type of non-viral vector for the delivery of drug or therapeutic DNA to brain by crossing BBB.Highlights► HIV-derived Tat peptide and PEG were grafted onto gelatin–siloxane nanoparticles. ► Tat peptide could improve PEGlated nanoparticles to escape from the capture of RES. ► Tat/PEG modified nanoparticles could cross BBB and reach central nervous system.

Synergistic effects of cell-penetrating peptide Tat and fusogenic peptide HA2-enhanced cellular internalization and gene transduction of organosilica nanoparticles

Co-reporter:She-fang Ye, Miao-miao Tian, Tian-xiao Wang, Lei Ren, Dong Wang, Li-hua Shen, Ting Shang

Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 2012 Volume 8(Issue 6) pp:833-841

Publication Date(Web):August 2012

DOI:10.1016/j.nano.2011.10.003

The nonviral gene delivery system is an attractive alternative to cancer therapy. A new kind of gelatin-silica nanoparticles (GSNPs) was developed through a two-step sol–gel procedure. To improve the transfection efficacy, GSNPs modified with different fusion peptides (Tat, HA2, R8, Tat/HA2, and Tat/R8) were prepared for particle size, zeta potential, cellular uptake, hemolysis activity at physiological pH (7.0) or acidic pH (5.0), and condensation of plasmid DNA. The results suggest that the sizes and zeta potentials of GS-peptide conjugates were 147 – 161 nm and 19 – 33 mV, respectively; GS-peptide conjugates exhibited low cytotoxicity; the plasmid DNA was readily entrapped at a GS-peptide/pDNA weight ratio of 50 – 200. The in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the synergistic effects of cell-penetrating peptide Tat and fusogenic peptide HA2 could promote the efficient cellular internalization, endosome escape, and nucleus targeting, hence delivering the therapeutic nucleic acid efficiently.From the Clinical EditorThis team of investigators demonstrates that the efficacy of organosilica particles utilized in gene delivery can be optimized via cell-penetrating peptide TAT and fusogenic peptide HA2, which were observed to result in a synergistic effect on cellular internalization and gene transduction. The above delivery system will likely become an important subject of future investigations for gene delivery methods.The synergistic effects of cell-penetrating peptide Tat and fusogenic peptide HA2 could promote the efficient cellular internalization, endosome escape, and nuclear targeting of the therapeutics' nucleic acid, hence delivering genes efficiently.

Multifunctional ZnPc-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles for enhancement of photodynamic therapy efficacy by endolysosomal escape

Co-reporter:Jing Tu, Tianxiao Wang, Wei Shi, Guisen Wu, Xinhua Tian, Yuhua Wang, Dongtao Ge, Lei Ren

Biomaterials 2012 33(31) pp: 7903-7914

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.07.025

Multifunctional Au@IPN-pNIPAAm nanogels for cancer cell imaging and combined chemo-photothermal treatment

Co-reporter:Xue-qin Zhao, Tian-xiao Wang, Wen Liu, Cai-ding Wang, Dong Wang, Ting Shang, Li-hua Shen and Lei Ren

Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2011 vol. 21(Issue 20) pp:7240-7247

Publication Date(Web):13 Apr 2011

DOI:10.1039/C1JM10277J

A facile approach was established for fabricating photothermo-responsive nanogels for simultaneous optical temperature-sensing, cell imaging, and combined chemo-photothermal treatment. The strategy for preparing the hybrid Au@IPN-pNIPAAm nanogels involved two steps, consisting of growing an acrylamide monolayer on a single gold nanoparticle, followed by in situ polymerization and crosslinking of N-isopropylacrylamide and acrylamide. The hybrid Au@IPN-pNIPAAm nanogels exhibited not only biocompatibility at low concentration <200 μg ml−1, but also good function on cellular imaging by using dark-field microscopy. Furthermore, the integration of the unique scattering properties of AuNP core and the reversible thermo-responsive volume phase transition of IPN-pNIPAAm shell could offer a thermo-/photo-triggered release of a model anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil from Au@IPN-pNIPAAm nanogels. Hence, the hybrid Au@IPN-pNIPAAm nanogels, may offer broad opportunities for combined diagnosis and therapy.

Conjugation of membrane-destabilizing peptide onto gelatin–siloxane nanoparticles for efficient gene expression

Co-reporter:Pei Yin, Jūn Wang, Lei Ren, Zu-yong Wang, Tian-xiao Wang, Dong Wang, Miao-miao Tian, Xin-hua Tian

Materials Science and Engineering: C 2010 30(8) pp: 1260-1265

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1016/j.msec.2010.07.006

Fabrication of gelatin–siloxane fibrous mats via sol–gel and electrospinning procedure and its application for bone tissue engineering

Co-reporter:Lei Ren, Jūn Wang, Fang-Yu Yang, Lin Wang, Dong Wang, Tian-Xiao Wang, Miao-Miao Tian

Materials Science and Engineering: C 2010 30(3) pp: 437-444

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1016/j.msec.2009.12.013

Cellular Uptake Mechanism of Molecular Umbrella

Co-reporter:Dongtao Ge, Dewang Wu, Zuyong Wang, Wei Shi, Ting Wu, Aifeng Zhang, Shimin Hong, Jun Wang, Ye Zhang and Lei Ren

Bioconjugate Chemistry 2009 Volume 20(Issue 12) pp:2311

Publication Date(Web):November 17, 2009

DOI:10.1021/bc9003074

Molecular umbrella provided a promising avenue for the design of the intracellular delivery of hydrophilic therapeutic agents. However, the limited understanding of its cellular uptake would be a roadblock to its effective application. Herein, we investigate the ability and mechanism of cellular entry of a fluorescently labeled diwalled molecular umbrella, which was synthesized from cholic acid, spermine, and 5-carboxyfluorescein, into Hela cells, with the extent of uptake analyzed by confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. It is found that the as-synthesized diwalled molecular umbrella can greatly facilitate cellular uptake of hydrophilic agent, 5-carboxyfluorescein. In vitro experiments with diffuse marker, endocytic marker, and inhibitors suggested that several distinct uptake pathways (e.g., passive diffuse, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and caveolae/lipid-raft-dependent endocytosis) are involved in the internalization of diwalled molecular umbrella. These results, together with its low toxicity and good biocompatibility, thus demonstrate the suitability of molecular umbrella for application as vectors in drug delivery systems.

O-Carboxymethyl-chitosan/organosilica hybrid nanoparticles as non-viral vectors for gene delivery

Co-reporter:Ya-fei Zhang, Pei Yin, Xue-qin Zhao, Jūn Wang, Jùn Wang, Cai-ding Wang, Lei Ren, Qi-qing Zhang

Materials Science and Engineering: C 2009 29(6) pp: 2045-2049

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1016/j.msec.2009.04.003

Cisplatin-loaded AuAu2S nanoparticles for potential cancer therapy: Cytotoxicity, in vitro carcinogenicity, and cellular uptake

Co-reporter:Lei Ren;Xiao-Li Huang;Bin Zhang;Li-Ping Sun;Qi-Qing Zhang;Mei-Chee Tan;Gan-Moog Chow

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 2008 Volume 85A( Issue 3) pp:787-796

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1002/jbm.a.31608

Abstract

Cisplatin is one of the most effective cytotoxic agents against cancers. Its usage, however, is limited because of severe resistance and systemic toxicity. A formulation of cisplatin-loaded Au–Au₂S nanoparticles (NPs) with near-IR (NIR) sensitivity is reported to partly overcome this limitation in this paper. NIR sensitive Au–Au₂S NPs were successfully synthesized by the reduction of tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl₄) using sodium sulfide (Na₂S), and cisplatin was loaded onto Au–Au₂S NPs via a MUA (11-mercaptoundecanoic acid) layer. To further investigate the biological safety of cisplatin-loaded Au–Au₂S NPs, three different cell lines were used to investigate the acute cytotoxicity and the long-term potential carcinogenicity in vitro. Cisplatin-loaded Au–Au₂S NPs were also tested for limited hemocompatibility in vitro. Our in vitro short and long-term data provided preliminary evidence suggesting that cisplatin-loaded Au–Au₂S NPs with NIR sensitivity are nontoxic below the maximum recommended dosage. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008

In vivo toxic studies and biodistribution of near infrared sensitive Au–Au2S nanoparticles as potential drug delivery carriers

Co-reporter:Xiao-Li Huang;Bin Zhang

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 2008 Volume 19( Issue 7) pp:2581-2588

Publication Date(Web):2008 July

DOI:10.1007/s10856-007-3210-7

Near infrared (NIR) sensitive Au–Au2S nanoparticles are intensively being developed for biomedical applications including drug and gene delivery. Although all possible clinical applications will require compatibility of Au–Au2S nanoparticles with the biological milieu, their in vivo capabilities and limitations have not yet been explored. Au–Au2S nanoparticles and cisplatin-loaded Au–Au2S nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the reduction of tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4) using sodium sulfide (Na2S), and cisplatin was loaded onto NIR sensitive Au–Au2S nanoparticles via an MUA (11-mercaptoundecanoic acid) layer. In this work, acute systemic toxicity in vivo, blood biochemistry assay, and tissue distribution in mice were carried out to further investigate the biocompatibility and biodistribution of these nanoparticles. The results from these studies demonstrated that both of nanoparticles (<200 μg/mL) might have a great advantage in biocompatibility and good biological safety.

Multifunctional Au@IPN-pNIPAAm nanogels for cancer cell imaging and combined chemo-photothermal treatment

Co-reporter:Xue-qin Zhao, Tian-xiao Wang, Wen Liu, Cai-ding Wang, Dong Wang, Ting Shang, Li-hua Shen and Lei Ren

Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2011 - vol. 21(Issue 20) pp:NaN7247-7247

Publication Date(Web):2011/04/13

DOI:10.1039/C1JM10277J